Description:

• Acidic soils and ill-drained soils are favourable conditions for the occurrence of this disease.

Damage Symptoms:

• Leaves turn pale green to yellowish.
• Stunting of above-ground parts of the plant.
• Reduction in size of heads, making them unmarketable.
• Small or large spindle-like, spherical, knobby, or club-shaped swellings on the roots and rootlets.
• In severe cases, diseased plants die.

Preventive Measures:

• Practice crop rotation.
• Maintain proper drainage.

Control Measures:

• Spot drench with carbendazim or copper oxychloride.